Osmopriming Combined with Boron-Tolerant Bacteria (Bacillus sp. MN54) Improved the Productivity of Desi Chickpea under Rainfed and Irrigated Conditions
نویسندگان
چکیده
Chickpeas are rich source of protein and predominantly grown in boron (B)-deficient sandy-loam soils Pakistan. Boron-tolerant bacteria (BTB) could tolerate higher B levels soil increase availability to the plants. Field trials were conducted under irrigated (district Layyah) rainfed Chakwal) conditions evaluate interactive effects pre-optimized application methods BTB (Bacillus sp. MN54) on nodule’s population, grain quality, productivity, grain-B concentration desi chickpea during 2019–2020 2020–2021. Boron was applied as (1 kg ha−1), foliar (0.025% B), osmopriming (0.001% seed coating (1.5 g kg−1 seed) with or without inoculation. Untreated seeds receiving no through any regarded control. The individual (up three-way interaction location × inoculation methods) year, location, significantly altered growth yield-related traits chickpea. four-way year non-significant for all recorded traits. Regarding effects, values noted 2020–2021, priming. Similarly, two-way interactions 2020–2021 inoculation, Osmopriming combined improved dry matter accumulation leaf area index both locations. yield concentration. highest biological yields, nodules’ population followed by plant (75.05%) (68.73%) Moreover, economic returns (USD 2068.5 ha−1) benefit–cost ratio (3.7%) + conditions. Overall, be used productivity profitability chickpea, whereas is a better method enhance
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Agriculture
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2077-0472']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081269